Space launch and space surveillance underscore the fact that space is much more than just satellites. Most people can point to a tank, bomber, or submarine and understand the basic components of these older military systems as well as appreciate the traditional function these weapons fulfill. Yet, in a number of ways space systems are different from other military platforms. They are relatively unknown and indistinguishable when compared to more familiar weapon systems. These differences and the unfamiliarity of space systems can cause problems when trying to develop a strategy that seeks to prevent a space arms race. Therefore, understanding the elements of a space system can help US leaders craft a more effective defense policy. DoD Joint Publications 3-14, Space Operations, states that

"Space capabilities are based on complex systems that include the following: ground stations; launch facilities; satellite production, checkout, and storage facilities; communications links; user terminals; and spacecraft (both manned and unmanned)."

The definition reveals that space systems consist of more than just satellites (i.e., space nodes), but also include the associated ground stations (i.e., terrestrial nodes) and communication signals (i.e., links) transiting between space and earth (reference Figure 10).

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Meteyer, David O. The Art of Peace: Dissuading China from Developing Counter-Space Weapons. USAF Academy, CO: USAF Institute for National Security Studies, August 2005. [ 20 quotes ] [ page 42-3 ]