Still other states favor intermediate steps in the form of confidence-building measures believing that such measures would constitute a constructive move towards the prevention of an arms race in outer space. The process of building confidence between states involves step-by-step reductions in perceptions of threat or conditions of uncertainty. In connection with military operations in space, the purpose of confidence-building measures is to obtain greater transparency and predictability through activities such as notification, verification, and monitoring, in order to reduce suspicion and tension between nations while enhancing international peace and stability. Specific examples of confidence-building proposals in the CD have included: establishment of an international monitoring agency using space assets for verification of arms control agreements and to monitor crisis situations; creation of a small international satellite constellation to identify the function and purpose of other satellites using non-intrusive means; broadening the Registration Convention to include sharing of additional information on orbit changes, satellite maneuvers and drifting; identification of keep-out zones assigned to each satellite to order to prevent accidental collisions, co-orbital tracking and close range passes by other satellites; establishment of an international ballistic missile and space launch notification center; on-site inspection of satellites prior to launch; annual exchanges of data, meetings of experts, briefings, visits to laboratories, and observations of tests; and sharing of imagery and space technology.

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Billick, Thomas W. Arms Control Implications for Military Operations in Space. Maxwell AFB, AL: USAF Air University, May 2001. [ 6 quotes ] [ page 47 ]